N'August 24, Japan meghere mwepu nke mmiri mkpofu nke ihe mberede nuklia Fukushima meruru n'ime oke osimiri Pasifik.Ugbu a, dabere na data ọha na eze nke TEPCO na June 2023, nsị nke a na-akwado ịgbapu nwere: ọrụ H-3 bụ ihe dịka 1.4 x10⁵Bq / L;ọrụ C-14 bụ 14 Bq / L;I-129 bụ 2 Bq / L;ọrụ nke Co-60, Sr-90, Y-90, Tc-99, Sb-125, Te-125m na Cs-137 bụ 0.1-1 Bq / L. N'akụkụ a, anyị na-elekwasị anya ọ bụghị nanị na tritium na mmiri mkpofu nuklia, kamakwa n'ihe egwu dị na radionuclides ndị ọzọ nwere ike.TepCO kpughere naanị mkpokọta α na mkpokọta β redioaktivu data nke mmiri emetọru, na ekpugheghị data ntinye nke ultra-uranium nuclides na-egbu egbu dị ka Np-237, Pu-239, Pu-240, Am-240, Am- 241, Am-243 na CM-242, nke bụkwa otu n'ime ihe ize ndụ nchekwa dị mkpa maka mwepu nke mmiri mmetọ nuklia n'ime oke osimiri.
Mmebi radieshon gburugburu ebe obibi bụ mmetọ zoro ezo, ozugbo emepụtara ga-enwe mmetụta ọjọọ n'ahụ ndị bi gbara ya gburugburu.Na mgbakwunye, ọ bụrụ na mgbasa ozi ndu ma ọ bụ mgbasa ozi gburugburu ebe redioactive na-emerụ ya site na radionuclide, enwere ike ibunye ya site na ọkwa dị ala ruo ọkwa dị elu site na nri nri ma na-aga n'ihu na usoro mgbasa ozi.Ozugbo ihe ndị a na-emetọ redioactive na-abanye n'ahụ mmadụ site na nri, ha nwere ike ịgbakọta n'ime ahụ mmadụ, nke nwere ike imetụta ahụike mmadụ.
Iji belata ma ọ bụ zere mmerụ ahụ nke ikpughe radieshon na ọha ma chebe ahụike ọha ruo oke, "International Basic Safety Standards for Radiation Protection and Radiation Source Safety" kwuru na ndị ọchịchị tozuru etozu na-emepụta ọkwa ntụaka maka radionuclides na nri. .
Na China, e mepụtala ụkpụrụ dị mkpa maka ịchọpụta ọtụtụ radionuclids nkịtị.Ụkpụrụ maka nchọpụta nke ihe redioaktivu na nri gụnyere GB 14883.1 ~ 10- -2016 "National Standard for Food Safety: Mkpebi nke ihe redioaktivu na nri" na GB 8538- -
2022 "National Standard for Food Safety Drinking Natural Mineral Water", GB / T 5750.13- -2006 "Radioactive Index for Standard Inspection Method for Drink Water", SN / T 4889- -2017 "Mkpebi nke γ Radionuclide na Mbupụ Nri Nnu dị elu. ", WS / T 234- -2002" Ntụle nke ihe redioaktivu na nri-241", wdg
Ụzọ nchọpụta radionuclide na akụrụngwa nha na nri a na-ahụkarị na ụkpụrụ bụ ndị a:
| Nyochaa ọrụ ahụ | akụrụngwa nyocha | Ngwa ndị ọzọ pụrụ iche | ọkọlọtọ |
| α, β oke ọrụ | Obere ndabere α, β counter | GB / T5750.13- -2006 Radioactive Index of Standard Test Test for Domestic and Drink Water | |
| tritium | Igwe mmiri scintillation nke dị n'azụ ala | Organotritium-carbon sample ngwaọrụ nkwadebe; Ngwa nchịkọta mkpokọta Triitium n'ime mmiri; | GB14883.2-2016 Mkpebi nke Hydrogen-3 Radioactive Material na nri, National Standard for Food Safety |
| Strontium-89 na strontium-90 | Obere ndabere α, β counter | GB14883.3-2016 Mkpebi nke Strr-89 na Strr-90 na National Standard for Safety Food | |
| Adventiti-147 | Obere ndabere α, β counter | GB14883.4-2016 Mkpebi nke akụrụngwa redioaktivu na nri-147, ọkọlọtọ mba maka nchekwa nri. | |
| Polonium-210 | spectrometer α | Eletriki sediments | GB 14883.5-2016 Mkpebi nke Polonium-210 na National Standard for Safety Food |
| Rum-226 na radium-228 | Radon Thorium Analyzer | GB 14883.6-2016 Ụkpụrụ Nchekwa Nri Mba | |
| Natural thorium na uranium | Spectrophotometer, trace uranium analyzer | GB 14883.7-2016 Mkpebi nke Thorium eke na Uranium dị ka ihe akụrụngwa redioactive na National Standard for Safety Food | |
| Plutonium-239, plutonium-24 | spectrometer α | Eletriki sediments | GB 14883.8-2016 Mkpebi nke plutonium-239 na plutonium-240 ihe redioaktivu na National Standard for Safety Food |
| Iodine - 131 | germanium dị ọcha dị elu γ spectrometer | GB 14883.9-2016 Mkpebi nke Iodine-131 na nri, National Standard for Safety Food |
ngwaahịa nkwanye
akụrụngwa atụ
Obere ndabere αβ counter
Ụdị: igwe kernel
Nọmba nlereanya: RJ 41-4F
Profaịlụ ngwaahịa:
Flow ụdị ala ndabere α, β-atụ ngwá bụ tumadi eji maka gburugburu samples, radieshon nchebe, ọgwụ na ahụike, ugbo sayensị, mbubata na mbupụ ngwa ahịa nnyocha, geological exploration, nuclear ike osisi na ndị ọzọ ubi na mmiri, ndu samples, aerosol, nri. , ọgwụ, ala, nkume na mgbasa ozi ndị ọzọ na mkpokọta α ngụkọta β nha.
Ihe mkpuchi siri ike nke dị n'ime ụlọ nha na-eme ka ndabere dị ala, nrụpụta dị elu maka nlele ọrụ redio dị ala, yana ọwa 2,4,6,8,10 nwere ike ịhazi ya.
germanium γ ume spectrometer dị ọcha dị elu
Ụdị: igwe kernel
Nọmba nlereanya: RJ 46
Profaịlụ ngwaahịa:
RJ 46 dijitalụ elu ịdị ọcha germanium dị ala spectrometer na-agụnye spectrometer ọhụrụ dị ọcha germanium dị ala.The spectrometer na-eji urughuru omume readout mode nweta ike (njupụta) na oge ozi nke mmepụta mgbaàmà nke HPGe detector na-echekwa ya.
spectrometer α
Ụdị: igwe kernel
Nọmba nlereanya: RJ 49
Profaịlụ ngwaahịa:
A na-eji teknụzụ na akụrụngwa Alfa ume spectroscopy n'ọtụtụ ebe na nyocha gburugburu ebe obibi na ahụike (dịka thorium aerosol nha, nyocha nri, ahụike mmadụ, wdg), nyocha akụrụngwa (uranium ore, mmanụ, gas sitere n'okike, wdg) na nhazi ala. nyocha (dị ka ihe ndị dị n'ime ala, ala ala ala) na mpaghara ndị ọzọ.
RJ 494-channel Alpha spectrometer bụ PIPS semiconductor ngwá n'adabereghị mepụtara Shanghai Renji Instrument Co., Ltd. The spectrometer nwere anọ α ọwa, nke ọ bụla n'ime ha nwere ike tụrụ n'out oge, nke nwere ike dị ukwuu ebelata oge na-eri nke nnwale na ngwa ngwa nweta. nsonaazụ nnwale ahụ.
Igwe mmiri scintillation nke dị n'azụ ala
Ụdị:HIDEX
Nọmba nlereanya: 300SL-L
Profaịlụ ngwaahịa:
Mkpebi scintillation Liquid bụ ụdị ngwa nwere mmetụta siri ike nke a na-ejikarị maka nha redioaktivu α na β nuclides na mgbasa ozi mmiri mmiri, dị ka radioactive tritium, carbon-14, iodine-129, strontium-90, ruthenium-106 na nuclides ndị ọzọ.
Mmiri radium analyzer
Aha: PYLON
Ụdị: AB7
Profaịlụ ngwaahịa:
Pylon AB7 Portable Radiological Monitor bụ ọgbọ na-esote ngwaọrụ ọkwa ụlọ nyocha na-enye nha ọdịnaya radon ngwa ngwa na nke ziri ezi.
Ngwa ndị ọzọ pụrụ iche
Triitium ntinye mkpokọta ngwaọrụ n'ime mmiri
Brand: Yi Xing
Nọmba nlereanya: ECTW-1
Profaịlụ ngwaahịa:
Ntinye uche nke tritium n'ime mmiri mmiri dị ntakịrị, ọbụlagodi akụrụngwa nchọpụta kachasị mma enweghị ike tụọ ya, yabụ, ihe atụ ndị nwere obere ndabere kwesịrị ịbụ pretreatment, ya bụ, usoro itinye uche electrolysis.A na-ejikarị ECTW-1 tritium electrolytic collection nke ụlọ ọrụ anyị mepụtara maka itinye uche nke tritium electrolytic na mmiri dị ala, nke nwere ike itinye uche n'omume tritium n'okpuru njedebe nchọpụta nke mmiri ọkụ ọkụ ruo mgbe enwere ike tụọ ya nke ọma.
Organotritium-carbon sample ngwaọrụ nkwadebe
Brand: Yi Xing
Nọmba nlereanya: OTCS11/3
Profaịlụ ngwaahịa:
OTCS11 / 3 Organic tritium carbon sampling ngwaọrụ na-eji ụkpụrụ nke organic samples n'okpuru elu okpomọkụ oxidation combustion na elu okpomọkụ aerobic gburugburu ebe obibi n'ịwa mmiri na carbon dioxide, ghọta mmepụta nke tritium na carbon-14 na ndu samples, adaba maka ụdi ọgwụgwọ, mmiri mmiri scintillation counter iji tụọ ọrụ nke tritium na carbon-14.
Eletriki sediments
Brand: Yi Xing
Nọmba nlereanya: RWD-02
Profaịlụ ngwaahịa:
RWD-02 bụ spectrometer α mepụtara nke Shanghai Yixing Electromechanical Equipment Co., Ltd. dabere na afọ nke ahụmịhe pretreatment afọ.Emebere ya maka ịkwadebe ihe nlele nyocha ụdị ume ike α, ma dabara adaba maka ọgwụ nuklia na nyocha redioisotope na mpaghara ngwa.
spectrometer α bụ otu n'ime akụrụngwa dị mkpa nke ụlọ nyocha nyocha radieshon ma nwee ike nyochaa nuclides na ire ere α.Ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa ịnweta nsonaazụ nyocha ziri ezi, nzọụkwụ dị oke mkpa bụ ime ihe nlele.RWD-02 electrodeposition er dị mfe iji rụọ ọrụ, nke na-eme ka usoro ihe atụ dị mfe nke ukwuu, na-eme ihe atụ abụọ n'otu oge ma melite arụmọrụ nke nkwadebe sample.
Oge nzipu: Ọktoba 31-2023